freerdp runs well in Ubuntu today. Additionally, we've baked thin client support into Ubuntu Desktop starting with the most recent release (12.10).

Ubuntu for Android is positioned as a fully functional desktop on your phone. I'll leave it up to you to connect the rest of the dots.

For some more details, my blog:

http://www.chizang.net/alex/blog/2012/09/27/ubuntu-12-10-rem...

[speaking individually, not for Canonical]